"This report shows how labor force participation rates have diverged for men and women in the US and Canada. It finds that 3/4 of the difference in participation between the two countries can be explained by the growing gap in labor force attachment of women. It discusses how employment and social policies in Canada have made it easier for women to remain in the labor force while raising children. Findings suggest that policy interventions to reduce the structural barriers that keep many women on the sidelines could bring millions of prime-age Americans into the labor force."